Types

ManiaScript is a strongly typed language which means that every value has to be of a certain type and a value of different type will not be accepted in it's place.

Primitive Types

There are 9 different types in ManiaScript: Void, Integer, Real, Boolean, Text, Vec2, Vec3,Int3 and Ident.

Type	Description
Void	Void is a type that means empty. You cannot create variables of that type, it is used to declare functions that returns nothing.
Integer	An Integer variable is an integer number ($\mathbb{Z}$ in mathematics) between $-2147483648$ ($-2^{31}$) and $2147483647$($2^{31}-1$).
Real	A Real variable is a real number ($\mathbb{R}$ in mathematics). It can represent values much higher than Integer.
Boolean	A Boolean variable can be either True or False.
Text	Text represents a string of characters.
Vec2	Vec2 is a two dimensional vector ($\mathbb{R^2}$ in mathematics). The two values can be accessed with X and Y respectively.
Vec3	Vec3 is a three dimensional vector ($\mathbb{R^3}$ in mathematics). The third value can be accessed with the Z property.
Int3	Int3 is a three dimensional vector ($\mathbb{Z^3}$ in mathematics).
Ident	Ident is the type of an Id. Every class in ManiaScript has a unique Id property that can be used to identify it.

Lists and Arrays

List

A List is a type that can store multiple values. You can declare list by adding two square brackets after a type.

declare Integer[] MyList;

There are several basic functions to manipulate them, and you can access one element by its index. The indexes start at 0, so the first index is 0 and the last one is MyList.count-1. Accessing an invalid index will result in an Out of bounds error.

// Access an element
declare FirstElement = MyList[0];

// Basic functions
declare Size = MyList.count;
declare SortedList = MyList.sort();
declare ReversedList = MyList.sortreverse();
declare SortKeys = MyArray.sortkey();
declare ReversedKeys = MyArray.sortkeyreverse();


MyList.add(42);  // adds to last element
MyList.addfirst() // adds to first element
MyList.removekey(0); // Remove the element at the index 0
MyList.remove(38);

declare DoesExist1 = MyList.existskey(58); // equivalent to 0 <= 58 < MyList.count
declare DoesExist2 = MyList.exists(12);
declare Index = MyList.keyof(28); // such as List[Index] == 28

MyList.containsonly();
MyList.containsoneof();
MyList.slice();

Declare Text json = MyList.tojson();
MyList.fromjson("{ "propery": "value"});

MyList.clear();

Array

An array is similar to a list, except that you can specify a type for the index.

declare Text[Integer] MyArray;

The array above is not a list! There is no add function for arrays, instead you directly assign a value for the given key.

MyArray[1] = "One";

You can even nest them!

declare Text[Text][] UsersData;
UsersData = [
    [ "login" => "me",
      "name" => "still me"
    ],
    [ "login" => "you",
      "name" => "still you"
    ]
];
log(UsersData[0]["login"]); // prints "me"

API Arrays

access by Integer or Ident

Structs

#Struct MyStruct {
//      {Type} {propertyname};
    Integer MyMember;
    Text MyTextMember;
}

main() {
    declare MyStruct MyVar;
    // declare MyStruct MyVar = MyStruct{MyMember = 1, MyTextMember = "Example"};
    log(MyVar.MyMember); //Output : 0

    MyVar.MyMember = 1;
    log(MyVar.MyMember); //Output : 1

    declare MyStruct MyCopy = MyVar;
    log(MyCopy.MyMember); //Output : 1

    MyVar.MyMember = MyVar.MyMember + 1;

    log(MyVar.MyMember); //Output : 2
    log(MyCopy.MyMember); //Output : 1
}

Vectors

Vectors are declared with pointing angles: declare Vec2 V = <1.0, 2.0>. Vector-elements can be accessed either with X, Y and Z (as V.Y) or like an array with the indices 0 to 2 (like V[1]) (depending on the vector having 2 or 3 elements). Vectors are initialized with the initial value for Integer or Real respectively, e.g. declare Vec3 V; log(V); will log as <0., 0., 0.>.